Deciphering Millet Diversity: Proteomic Clusters and Phylogenetic Insights

Millets are renowned for their climatic resilience and possess high nutritive value with wide genetic variations. In countries like India Africa, millets part of many people's regular diets rich sources protein, dietary fiber, polyphenols, minerals, vitamins, other nutrients. The proteomic signatures several millet species, including Fonio, Finger, Proso, Sorghum, Foxtail millet, were examined in this study. We have performed orthologous analysis to discover both common distinctive protein clusters among these species by using the OrthoFinder algorithm conjunction visualization tools. A total 16,247 shared all offering light on similar evolutionary or adaptation mechanisms. strong representation Gene Ontology (GO) categories related osmotic stress, water deprivation, temperature stresses research further highlighted millets' powerful adaptative responses various environmental difficulties. Intricate signaling mechanisms wound, defense, growth also revealed efficient photosynthetic capacities. However, each species' clusters, particularly those Finger how it differed from millets. links clarified a phylogenetic tree built Maximum likelihood approach JTT+CAT model, Proso showing closer kinship. sheds complex network millets, histories, potential adaptive processes. identification 2,277 which mainly foxtail, proso, fonio, sorghum support distinct history finger was especially important. These mechanisms, display different response demonstrate skill point prospective directions crop improvement techniques.